CO Detector Rules in Alaska: Landlord and Homeowner Duties
Last verified: August 24, 2026
Alaska answers the carbon monoxide question with two instruments, and a reader who opens only the statute gets a hotel wrong. AS 18.70.095 is written around dwelling units and screens each one before it requires a device: a unit qualifies if it contains or is serviced by a carbon-based-fueled appliance, has an attached garage or carport, or is adjacent to a parking space. That third limb, at AS 18.70.095(d)(3)(C), is wider than it looks. It turns on a parking space, not on a garage or a covered deck, so an all-electric Anchorage apartment beside an open striped stall is a qualifying dwelling unit. No other state in the fifty-one reaches a dwelling for standing next to parking: everywhere else the garage has to be attached, or the fuel-burning appliance has to be inside the building. Alaska is also the only state whose trigger names a carport at all; the only other record that uses the word describes converting one into an attached garage.
Transient lodging arrives by a different route. The statute borrows "dwelling unit" from AS 34.03.360 in the landlord-tenant act, so a reader who stops there finds nothing about a hotel or a lodge and may conclude Alaska has no rule for one. Under 13 AAC 50.020 the state adopts the 2021 International Building Code to regulate all occupancies and buildings, and the scope exception releases only detached one-, two- and three-family homes and townhouses of three stories or fewer. A hotel is a Group R-1 occupancy, outside that exception, so Section 915 of the adopted Chapter 9 applies as published. A lodge already standing takes its duty from 13 AAC 50.025 and Section 1103.9 of the 2021 International Fire Code instead. Use the statute for a tenancy and the adopted codes for guests.
In a tenancy the duty resets at every occupancy rather than at first installation. The landlord provides working devices at the start of each one and repairs or replaces them once the tenant reports a deficiency; the tenant keeps them working, keeps charged batteries in the devices that take them, and does not permanently disable them. Violations run back to the offense language in AS 18.70.100(c). Alaska sets no fixed statewide bedroom-distance rule, so the manufacturer's instructions are the operative placement standard.
Quick Safety Summary
| Applies to homes? | Yes |
|---|---|
| Applies to rentals? | Yes |
| Applies to hotels/STRs? | Yes |
| Applies to schools? | Yes, under a condition |
| Applies to workplaces? | No |
Schools and workplaces
Schools: it depends, and the test is one you can apply to the building itself. Alaska adopts the code to regulate everything and then leaves the carbon monoxide section alone, so the classroom answer is the model answer. Under 13 AAC 50.020 the state adopts the 2021 International Building Code, Chapters 1 to 12, 14 to 28 and 30 to 35, in the regulation own words "to regulate all occupancies and buildings", and the scope exception releases only detached one-, two- and three-family homes and low townhouses. A school is nowhere near that carve-out. Chapter 9 carries Section 915, and although Alaska rewrites thirteen sections of that chapter, covering sprinklers, smoke alarms, acceptance-test paperwork and remote camps, Section 915 is not among them. So a classroom in a Group E occupancy is covered where a condition in Sections 915.1.2 through 915.1.6 exists. Oil-fired central heating is ordinary across Alaska, which makes the forced-air-furnace limb of that list fire far more often here than in a milder state. For a school already standing, 13 AAC 50.025 adopts the 2021 International Fire Code, Chapters 1 to 12 among others, bringing Section 1103.9 with it. One Alaska limb sits beside all of that and is easy to miss, because it works by taking a building out of Group E rather than by putting one in. Both adoptions carry the same carve-out, at IBC Section 305.2.4 and in the fire code's own Group E definition: a family child care home occupied as the operator's primary residence and running between 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m. may take twelve children of any age without meeting Group E requirements, and carbon monoxide alarms are named among the requirements the carve-out expressly does not release it from. The smallest child care setting in Alaska therefore keeps the duty while losing the occupancy that would otherwise carry it, and the fire code limb anchors that duty to AS 18.70.095 by name. Which matters more than it looks, because the classroom duty has a second half and that half is keyed to the occupancy rather than to the alarm. Section 915.2.3 requires detectors in classrooms in Group E occupancies and requires their alarm signals to be "automatically transmitted to an on-site location that is staffed by school personnel", excepting a Group E occupancy with an occupant load of 30 or less. A family child care home under the carve-out has been taken out of Group E, so it keeps the alarm the carve-out names and never reaches the transmission duty; a school does the reverse and owes both. Twelve children in a private house and thirty in a schoolroom therefore end in different places for reasons that have nothing to do with how much carbon monoxide either building can make. Read the section number inside the carve-out with care. Both limbs send the reader to "Section 908", which is where carbon monoxide sat in the 2012 editions, while the 2021 editions Alaska adopts carry it at Section 915. The duty is the statute's and does not depend on the number.
Workplaces: Alaska places no carbon monoxide detection duty on an office, shop or other workplace. Federal and state occupational rules set an exposure limit for carbon monoxide in air; they do not require a detector to be installed, and this row is about installation. Section 915.1.1 of the 2021 International Building Code, which 13 AAC 50.020 adopts with Chapter 9 otherwise amended in thirteen places but not at 915, reaches Group I-1, I-2, I-4 and R occupancies and classrooms in Group E occupancies, with no Group B, F, M or S. Alaska carbon monoxide statute, AS 18.70.095, is written around dwelling units and borrows its definition of a dwelling unit from AS 34.03.360 in the landlord-tenant act, so it does not reach a place of work either.
When Are CO Alarms Required?
- Buildings with fuel-burning appliances
- Buildings with attached garages
- A dwelling unit adjacent to a parking space qualifies under AS 18.70.095(d)(3)(C), whether or not the parking is covered or enclosed.
Where to Install CO Alarms
- Carbon monoxide detection devices are required in qualifying dwelling units and must be installed and maintained according to manufacturer recommendations under AS 18.70.095.
For detailed placement guidance beyond legal requirements, see where to place carbon monoxide detectors.
Device Requirements
- Devices must include an alarm and be maintained according to manufacturer recommendations under AS 18.70.095.
Landlord and Tenant Responsibilities
Landlord: At each occupancy, landlords must provide required devices in working condition and repair or replace deficient devices after tenant notice. Provision: 18.70.095(a) through 18.70.095(d), definitions at (d)(3).
Tenant: Tenants must keep devices in working condition, maintain batteries where applicable, test periodically when possible, and not permanently disable devices. Provision: 18.70.095(a) through 18.70.095(d), definitions at (d)(3).
- AS 18.70.095 is written around dwelling units and takes that definition from AS 34.03.360 in the landlord-tenant act, so a reader who stops at the statute finds nothing about a hotel or a lodge and may conclude Alaska has no rule for one. The lodging answer sits in Title 13 Chapter 50 instead, where 13 AAC 50.020 adopts the International Building Code and 13 AAC 50.025 the International Fire Code, both 2021 editions and both in terms "to regulate all occupancies and buildings". Use the statute for a tenancy and the adopted codes for transient guests.
Full Alaska landlord and tenant carbon monoxide duties, with citations
Rental CO Compliance Check 2 min
Check which CO alarm requirements likely apply to your rental in Alaska, whether you're a landlord or tenant.
Enforcement
Enforced by: Alaska Department of Public Safety Division of Fire and Life Safety with local enforcement pathways depending on occupancy and complaint context.
Enforcement typically occurs:
- During occupancy-related compliance review in covered dwelling units.
- During follow-up on reported missing or non-operational devices.
What a Tenant Can Do in Alaska
When a carbon monoxide alarm stops working in a rented home in Alaska, these are the five routes a tenant can take and where each one comes from.
"Via general law" means the Alaska carbon monoxide statute itself is silent and the remedy comes from the state's landlord-tenant law instead. The remedy is available even though the alarm rule does not contain it.
"No provision found" is a finding rather than a gap in the research: the chapter that would carry that remedy was read and contains nothing either way. What was read is named beside the row.
| Rent withholding | Via general lawAS 34.03.190. Framed as a defence to an action for possession or rent, with a counterclaim attached. The court may order the tenant to pay into court all or part of the rent accrued and accruing. The tail is unusually favourable to the tenant: if the violations are not cured within six months the court enters judgment for the tenant and either refunds the deposited money or spends it on repairing the dwelling. A tenant who has already moved out may counterclaim without paying anything in. |
|---|---|
| Repair and deduct | No provision foundSearched: AS Chapter 34.03, the tenant remedy sections 34.03.160 through 34.03.210, read for any provision letting a tenant repair and charge the cost against rent. The only deduction the chapter allows is in 34.03.180, where a tenant may procure hot water, running water, heat, sanitary facilities and other essential services during the landlord's noncompliance and deduct the actual and reasonable cost, with no cap stated. A carbon monoxide alarm is not an essential service in that list, so the uncapped deduction Alaska offers does not reach it, and no general repair-and-deduct exists behind it. |
| Right to end the lease | Via general lawAS 34.03.160. The notice carries two dates, not one. The landlord has ten days to remedy, and the agreement terminates on a date the tenant names that is not less than twenty days after receipt. A substantially similar violation recurring within six months without the landlord's due care shortens this: the tenant may then terminate on at least ten days' written notice without the twenty-day wait. |
| Notice the tenant must give | Via general lawAS 34.03.160. Written notice specifying the acts and omissions constituting the breach, with no waiting period before serving. What the tenant must get right is the termination date inside it, because naming a date less than twenty days out defeats the notice rather than shortening the landlord's ten days. |
| Landlord cure period | Via general law, 10 daysAS 34.03.160. Ten days from receipt to remedy the breach. Recorded here rather than the twenty days, because twenty is when the tenancy ends and ten is when the landlord's opportunity closes. Nothing in the section shortens either figure for a hazard. |
Applies to every row above:Alaska's Chapter 34.03 is a URLTA adoption and keeps the model's shape, with the noncompliance section at 34.03.160 and the essential-services section at 34.03.180. The carbon monoxide duty sits outside the act entirely, in AS 18.70.095, and creates no tenant remedy, so all five columns come from the landlord-tenant chapter. One structural point governs the row: Alaska kept the model's counterclaim machinery and did not adopt a general repair-and-deduct, so a tenant here answers a defect by going to court rather than by spending money and arguing about it later. The cure clock and the termination date are also separate numbers in the same section, which is easy to conflate.
What Alaska Requires in Lodging
The Alaska carbon monoxide requirement reaches hotels and short-term rentals.
Hotels already standing: covered too. The Alaska requirement reaches an existing hotel and not only one being built.
Operator duty: An Alaska hotel or motel operator is covered through the building code rather than through AS 18.70.095, which is written around dwelling units. Under 13 AAC 50.020 the state adopts the 2021 International Building Code, Chapters 1 to 12, 14 to 28 and 30 to 35, "to regulate all occupancies and buildings", and the only dwellings the scope exception releases are detached one-, two- and three-family homes and townhouses of three stories or fewer. A hotel is a Group R-1 occupancy and none of that reaches it. Chapter 9 of the adopted code carries Section 915, the carbon monoxide provision. Alaska rewrites thirteen sections of that chapter, covering sprinklers, smoke alarms, acceptance-test paperwork and remote camps, and Section 915 is not one of them, so it applies as published. It calls for carbon monoxide detection in Group R sleeping units that contain a fuel-burning appliance, are served by a fuel-burning forced-air furnace, sit in a building holding fuel-burning appliances, or adjoin an attached private garage. Section 915.2.2 places that detection inside the sleeping unit and treats the outside-the-sleeping-area position as an exception, open only where the room and its attached bathroom hold no fuel-burning appliance and no forced-air furnace serves them; 915.2.1, which does put the device outside the sleeping area, is the rule for dwelling units rather than for guest rooms. A lodge that was already standing is reached by a second adoption rather than by this one. 13 AAC 50.025 adopts the 2021 International Fire Code, Chapters 1 to 12, so Chapter 11 arrives with it, and Alaska's revision list touches no part of that chapter. Section 1103.9 there puts the same fuel and garage conditions on existing Group R occupancies and allows battery-only alarms where the code in force when the building went up required none, and again where the dwelling units are not served from a commercial power source, which is the ordinary arrangement off the Railbelt. Plan review and enforcement run through the Division of Fire and Life Safety under AS 18.70.080.
Penalties for Non-Compliance
AS 18.70.100(c) makes a person who violates AS 18.70.095, as that section relates to carbon monoxide detection devices, guilty of a violation. The word is a grade, not a description. AS 11.81.900(b) defines a violation as a noncriminal offense punishable only by a fine, with no imprisonment, no jury trial, no appointed counsel and no conviction disability attaching to it. That grade sits below the rest of the chapter: AS 18.70.100(a) and (b) make other breaches of AS 18.70.010 through 18.70.100 class B misdemeanors, so the legislature put the carbon monoxide duty a full tier under the fire-protection provisions around it. The amounts are two statutes further on, in the sentencing chapter, and they turn on how the property is held: AS 12.55.035(b)(7) caps a violation at $500 for a defendant who is not an organization and AS 12.55.035(c)(1)(D) sets $25,000 for one that is, which subsection (c) makes the least of three alternatives rather than a ceiling, with AS 11.81.900(b) defining an organization as a legal entity including a corporation, company, association, firm or partnership. The consequence a landlord should weigh is civil, and AS 18.70.095(c) is where the statute says so: a failure to repair or replace may not be treated as evidence of negligence in a later civil action over death, property loss or personal injury if the landlord neither knew nor had been notified, which is the same sentence read backwards once the tenant has given notice.
AS 18.70.100(c) and the AS 11.81.900(b) definition of "violation" read in full on 2026-08-12; AS 18.70.100(c) is also excerpted in Alaska DPS DFLS strategic plan material.
Additional Notes
- Alaska device placement distances are not expressed as one fixed statewide bedroom-distance rule in the cited statute text.
- Teams should map qualifying-unit criteria before classifying exemptions.
Official Sources & References
- Alaska Administrative Code 13 AAC 50.020, International Building Code , 13 AAC 50.020 (building code, accessed 2026-08-04)
Adoption clause for the 2021 IBC and the Alaska revisions to it. This is the instrument that settles lodging for a new building: it adopts Chapters 1 to 12, which include the Chapter 9 carbon monoxide provision, to regulate all occupancies and buildings, and its scope exception releases only detached one-, two- and three-family dwellings and townhouses of three stories or fewer. Alaska rewrites thirteen Chapter 9 sections, at 901.5, 903.2.3, 903.2.8, 903.3.6, 904.1, 906.1, 907.2.3 twice, 907.2.9, 907.2.11.5, 907.7.2, 907.8 and 909.18, and Section 915 is absent from that list. - Alaska State Legislature, AS 18.70.095 Carbon Monoxide Detection Devices , 18.70.095(a) through 18.70.095(d), definitions at (d)(3) (state code, accessed 2026-05-17)
Primary statewide requirements for qualifying dwelling units and rental duties. Replaced dead URL https://dps.alaska.gov/getmedia/.../AS18_70_095.pdf, which returned 404 and has no Wayback snapshot. Full text re-read 2026-08-12 against the FindLaw mirror of the section, because akleg.gov and Justia both refuse automated requests and Justia carries no Wayback snapshot. The section runs (a) to (d) and has no subsection (e); the definitions sit at (d), and "qualifying dwelling unit" at (d)(3) has three limbs: (A) contains or is serviced by a carbon-based-fueled appliance or device that produces by-products of combustion, (B) has an attached garage or carport, (C) is adjacent to a parking space. The word "structure" does not occur in the section. The third limb was previously cited here as AS 18.70.095(e)(2) and described as adjacency to a parking structure, wrong in both the subsection and the scope, and corrected on the overview and rental pages on 2026-08-12. - Alaska Statutes AS 18.70.100 criminal penalty, with the AS 11.81.900(b) definition of "violation" , AS 18.70.100(a) through (c); AS 11.81.900(b)(69) (state code, accessed 2026-08-12)
Read to settle what the penalty is, because the record previously named the subsection without its terms. AS 18.70.100(c): a person who violates AS 18.70.095, as that section relates to carbon monoxide detection devices, is guilty of a violation. AS 11.81.900(b) defines a violation as a noncriminal offense punishable only by a fine, not by imprisonment or other penalty, with no jury trial, no appointed counsel and no conviction disability. Subsections (a) and (b) of 18.70.100 grade other breaches of AS 18.70.010 through 18.70.100 as class B misdemeanors, so the carbon monoxide duty is graded one tier lower than the provisions around it. Mirrored on FindLaw because akleg.gov and Justia both refuse automated requests and Justia carries no Wayback snapshot for these sections. - Alaska DPS Division of Fire and Life Safety strategic plan statute excerpts , AS 18.70.095 and AS 18.70.100(c) excerpt pages (agency guidance, accessed 2026-02-17)
Agency publication containing penalty-reference excerpt used for compliance context. - Alaska Legislature statutes index for Title 18 fire protection sections , Title 18 chapter 70 including AS 18.70.095 and AS 18.70.100 (state code, accessed 2026-02-17)
Official state legislative code index used to cross-check chapter-level statutory context. - Alaska Administrative Code 13 AAC 50.025, International Fire Code, and 13 AAC 50.021, International Existing Building Code , 13 AAC 50.025 adoption clause and revision list; 13 AAC 50.021 adoption clause (fire code, accessed 2026-08-08)
The Division of Fire and Life Safety's own consolidated text of 13 AAC 50 through 13 AAC 55, effective 28 October 2022. 13 AAC 50.025 adopts the 2021 International Fire Code, Chapters 1 to 12, 20 to 40, 50 to 67 and 80, to regulate all occupancies and buildings, so Chapter 11 and its existing-building carbon monoxide provision at Section 1103.9 come in with the first range. 13 AAC 50.021 adopts the 2021 International Existing Building Code, Chapters 1 to 16, on the same all-occupancies wording. Across the whole document neither 915 nor 1103 occurs once, against 10 occurrences of 13 AAC 50.025 and 13 of International Fire Code as controls, so Alaska amends neither the new-building nor the existing-building carbon monoxide section.
Disclaimer: This page explains the law as it stood on August 24, 2026. It is general information, not legal advice, and reading it creates no attorney-client relationship. Requirements vary by city, county and building type, and statutes and codes are amended: confirm the current text with the issuing authority before acting on it. Each requirement here cites the instrument it comes from, so you can check it at source.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which Alaska law is the main source for carbon monoxide detector duties?
What makes a dwelling unit qualify under Alaska section 18.70.095?
In Alaska rentals, which AS 18.70.095 documents prove landlord versus tenant performance?
In Alaska, how should teams document penalty risk under AS 18.70.100(c)?
Do all-electric Alaska units automatically fall outside requirements?
How does Alaska compare with Washington for regional policies?
Practical CO Detector Guides
Beyond legal requirements, these guides help you choose, install, and maintain CO alarms:
- Where to place carbon monoxide detectors, room-by-room placement recommendations
- CO detector beeping patterns, what different alarms mean
- What to do if your detector goes off, emergency response checklist
- CO resources and links, official agencies and safety information